PROF. MARC GOERGEN ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Many firms listed on the Milan Stock Exchange are family firms. A significant number of them have more than one CEO. But how do these co-CEO structures impact ESG performance? In our latest study, my co-authors Yuliya Ponomareva , Francesco Paolone , and Domenico R. Cambrea and I find that co-CEO structures generally reduce ESG performance due to family-induced cognitive diversity. However, when one of the co-CEOs also chairs the board, this negative effect is mitigated and can even turn positive. Our research is now published online in the Journal of Business Ethics and is available free of charge from here . Here is the link to a brief podcast summarising the study.

A CEO’s political beliefs can significantly influence corporate decisions, dividend policies, and workforce management. The personal political beliefs of CEOs can significantly influence corporate decisions, including dividend policies and workforce management. Research indicates that conservative CEOs, who are generally more risk-averse and prudent, tend to favor stable dividend payouts. In contrast, liberal CEOs, who are more open to change and innovation, may prefer to reinvest earnings into the company rather than distribute them as dividends. Please see my latest article for IE Insights for further details.

My latest study with Luc Renneboog and Yang Zhao looks at insider trades by directors who sit on multiple boards. When these directors face a trading ban in one of their firms due to an impending earnings announcement, we find they often trade in one of their other firms, using their private information, and they make a profit by doing so. These trades aren't illegal, but are they ethical? You can hear more about our findings in this podcast . An executive summary is available from the Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance . The study itself can be downloaded from the website of the European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI) .

Ever wondered how a CEO's political ideology influences their company's payout policy? In my latest study with Ali Bayat, we find that conservative CEOs are not only more likely to pay dividends, but they also pay higher dividends and often combine them with share repurchases. Interestingly, these payouts are typically funded by drawing on cash reserves and cutting back on capital and R&D spending. Our full study will be published soon in the Journal of Banking and Finance. You can read it here . A podcast summarising the study is available from here .

How did CEOs of S&P500 firms navigate the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic? Did they prioritize shareholders by maintaining dividends, or did they focus on protecting jobs? In a recent study conducted with my co-authors Ali Bayat , Panagiotis Koutroumpis and Xingjie Wei , we find that the answer to this question depends on a CEO's political orientation. The study was published in the Journal of Corporate Finance where it is available for free via open access . A brief podcast discussing the study is available below. Marc Goergen · Podcast - Covid paper

Please follow this link for a recent article in the Lex column of the Financial Times covering my research on CEO duality. The study in question is discussed in more detail in one of my earlier blog posts .

The ownership and control of listed UK firms is often thought to be much simpler than the ownership and control of listed firms from most of the rest of the world, including Continental Europe. However, a study I coauthored with Svetlana Mira shows that this is not always the case. For example, the distinction between beneficial and non-beneficial holdings can introduce duplication in the holdings of insiders, which may be difficult to resolve. In a study forthcoming in The British Accounting Review, we highlight a number of challenges that researchers face when determining the ownership and control of listed UK firms. We propose ways of tackling these challenges. We expect these challenges to become more pronounced over the next years due to the recent changes to the UK listing rules following the Hill review. The study is available free of charge from here .

I have just received my copy of "The European Corporation: Ownership and Control after 25 Years of Corporate Governance Reforms". The book studies changes in corporate ownership and control from the 1990s to 2018/19. The book, which is edited by Evgeni Peev and Klaus Gugler and published by Cambridge University Press & Assessment, covers a number of countries. These include Germany, Italy, Sweden, and the UK. The book benefits from contributions by Johan Eklund, Rondi Laura, and Alexander Wagner among others. I am the author of the chapter on the UK. Ultimately, the book attempts to answer the important question as to whether national corporate governance systems have converged or not since the 1990s. More information about the book can be found here .

Jointly with my colleagues Patricia Gabaldon and Juan Pedro Gomez , I am pleased to organise the 2023 annual conference of the International Corporate Governance Society in Madrid at IE University on 20-22 October 2023. The conference theme is Sustainable Corporate Governance. Paper proposals and full papers can be submitted until 30 June 2023. The keynote speakers will be Helena Viñes Fiestas , Amy Hillman and Zacharias Sautner . More information can be obtained from the conference website at https://www.ie.edu/icgs2023/ .

I use my research to analyze how the levels of trust in a society impact shareholder voting.  Trust lies under all business relations. While contracts may tie us together and can be helpful in specifying the rights and obligations of signatories in specific situations, a contract can never really cover every eventuality. Thus, at the end of the day, there is trust – and it is necessary when entering into a contractual relationship with a new counterparty. Ultimately, trust enables strangers to work together and to produce goods and services. At the global level, high levels of trust may explain why some countries have been striving economically while others are stuck in what economists call a low-trust poverty trap. Please see here for details.

In my latest publication for the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Business and Management , I define sustainable corporate governance  as follows: "Sustainable corporate governance is the set of arrangements that ensure that the firm focuses on maximizing long-term shareholder value, which goes hand in hand with the consideration of broader stakeholder interests in the firm’s decision-making. The focus on long-term shareholder value creation not only enhances the survival of the firm in the long run, but it also promotes the preservation of the firm’s ecosystem." I then review the literature on whether and how different types of shareholders promote sustainable corporate governance in their investee firms. Read more here . Source:   Goergen, M. (2022), ‘Governance through Ownership and Sustainable Corporate Governance’, in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Business and Management , Oxford University Press, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190224851.013.370 .

Separating the roles of the CEO and the chair of the board of directors is considered best practice by many regulators, but should this be? Professor Marc Goergen draws from his research to discuss how combining the two roles can affect a firm’s leadership and shareholder value. Please read more here . 

Coverage of my research on board diversity and renewable energy consumption by Portuguese newspaper Diário de Noticias can be found here . The article is in Portuguese.

 Please click the link below to watch my discussion with my colleague, Professor Patricia Gabaldon , on gender diversity on boards, from 18 March 2021. We discussed the benefits that gender diversity can bring to boards and companies, and the barriers that women encounter when trying to get to top leadership positions. https://www.linkedin.com/video/live/urn:li:ugcPost:6778344373999468544/

Philosophy of the Book Existing textbooks on corporate governance tend to have a strong focus on UK and/or US corporate governance. This focus is somewhat surprising as the UK and US corporate governance systems have features which clearly set them apart from pretty much the rest of the world. Indeed, the typical British and American stock-market listed firm is widely held (held by many shareholders) and control therefore lies with the management rather than the shareholders. In contrast, most stock-exchange listed firms from the rest of the world have a large shareholder whose control is substantial enough to have a significant influence over the firm’s affairs. Given these marked differences in ownership and control, corporate governance issues emerging in non-UK and non-US firms tend to be very different from those that may affect British and American companies. Hence, it is important for a textbook to bear in mind the diversity of ownership and control a...

Why would female directors be more likely to promote the use of renewable energy than their male peers? What evidence is there that women care more about ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) than men? Marc Goergen, Finance Professor at IE Business School, answers these questions and elaborates on why women are key in the move towards a more sustainable society. Read more.

In what follows, I and my co-authors respond to criticism voiced by the British Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (BVCA) about a study we conducted. The original BVCA press release can be found here . A new paper by Geoffrey Wood of Warwick Business School, Marc Goergen of Cardiff University and Noel O'Sullivan of Loughborough University - 'The Employment Consequences of Private Equity Acquisitions: The Case Of Institutional Buy Outs' - looks at the changes to employment and productivity in companies that have been the subject of institutional buyouts (IBOs) compared to matched companies that did not receive such a buyout. The paper looks at an initial total of 106 IBOs undertaken over the period 1997 to 2006. This is in the context of 2,200 management buyouts (MBOs) and 500 management buy-ins (MBIs) [1] taking place in the UK over the same time period. As it makes explicit, the study focuses "exclusively on the employment consequences of institutiona...

Firms hold cash for several reasons, e.g., to seize strategic opportunities as they arise or as a buffer against unexpected shocks. While research has focused on the question as to how much cash a firm should hold, it has mostly ignored how quickly firms move back to their optimal or target cash holdings level once they have been pushed away from that level. Read more here .

A visual story about corporate control across the world. This visual story is loosely based on chapters 1 to 3 of my textbook entitled Corporate Governance. A Global Perspective .

A commentary in the Fortune Magazine mentions my research on how female directors influence dividend policy. The study itself can be downloaded for free from the Journal of Corporate Finance . The commentary can be found here .